Figure of speech Part 1
Figure of speech are figurative use of Language that adds beauty to the poem.
Based on comparison:
We have 2 figure of speech in this category: (a) Simile (b) Metaphor
1.Simile: When a direct comparison is made between 2 things it is said to be simile. There will be words like 'as' & 'like' which denote comparison.
Ex She is as pretty as a rose🌹.
She is looks like a beautiful flower faded.
2.Metaphor: When an indirect comparison is made the figure of speech is said to be Metaphor. It is also called an implicit simile.
Ex He is a lion🦁 in the fight.( Here the quality of the lion is given directly but the comparison done is indirect.)
He is a cunning fox🦊.
Figure of speech based on sounds:
a. Alliteration
b. Repitition
c. Onomatopoeia
3.Alliteration: The continuous repitition of consonant sound is said to be Alliteration.
Ex. She sells sea-shells on the sea shore. ( Here the consonant sound of 'S' is repeated pleasingly)
Little Piper piped his pipe.
4.Repitition: When the given words are repeated in the lines it is repitition.
Ex. Water, water everywhere but not a drop to drink. ( The word water is repeated.)
Alone, alone, all, all alone on a stormy weather
5.Onomatopoeia: When we can feel the sound from the given words it is onomatopoeia.
Ex. The open door shuts with a bang. ( The word bang gives the feel of the sound.)
The dog🐕 howls in the night.
Now we move on to others which do not belong to any group. They are as follows:
6.Hyperbole: When an over exaggerated term or an emphatic (not true) term is used we call it hyperbole.
Ex. Ten thousand saw I at a glance
( This if from the daffodils poem by Wordsworth where the poet saw ten thousand daffodils at one glance. Here the poet wants to convey that he saw plenty of daffodils but he has used ten thousand which is emphatic statement)
Her tears 😭 created an ocean.
7.Synecdoche: When a part is used to represent the whole it is called Synecdoche.
Ex. My stomach cried in hunger. ( here it is the person who is hungry and not the stomach but a part of the body has been used to represent the person in complete.)
He has many mouths to feed.( Many mouths stands for many people)
8.Transferrd Epithet : Epithet refers to adjective. When an adjective is transferred from the noun to the given object. It is called transferred epithet.
Ex. He passed a sleepless night. ( Here the night is not sleepless but it is the person, the adjective has by transferred from the given noun 'he' to the object 'sleplessness')
I saw a boy with an eager eye.
9.Climax: When the ideas are arranged in the assending order of importance ie.increasing importance( lower to higher) then it is called Climax.
Ex. Simple, erect, severe, austere, sublime
If I think that's bad, it gets worse.
Out of the frying pan into the fire.
10.Anticlimax: When the ideas are arranged in the descending order of importance ie. higher to lower then it is called Anticlimax.
Ex. She is a great writer, a mother and a good humorist.
He lost his family, his car and his cellphone.
Based on comparison:
We have 2 figure of speech in this category: (a) Simile (b) Metaphor
1.Simile: When a direct comparison is made between 2 things it is said to be simile. There will be words like 'as' & 'like' which denote comparison.
Ex She is as pretty as a rose🌹.
She is looks like a beautiful flower faded.
2.Metaphor: When an indirect comparison is made the figure of speech is said to be Metaphor. It is also called an implicit simile.
Ex He is a lion🦁 in the fight.( Here the quality of the lion is given directly but the comparison done is indirect.)
He is a cunning fox🦊.
Figure of speech based on sounds:
a. Alliteration
b. Repitition
c. Onomatopoeia
3.Alliteration: The continuous repitition of consonant sound is said to be Alliteration.
Ex. She sells sea-shells on the sea shore. ( Here the consonant sound of 'S' is repeated pleasingly)
Little Piper piped his pipe.
4.Repitition: When the given words are repeated in the lines it is repitition.
Ex. Water, water everywhere but not a drop to drink. ( The word water is repeated.)
Alone, alone, all, all alone on a stormy weather
5.Onomatopoeia: When we can feel the sound from the given words it is onomatopoeia.
Ex. The open door shuts with a bang. ( The word bang gives the feel of the sound.)
The dog🐕 howls in the night.
Now we move on to others which do not belong to any group. They are as follows:
6.Hyperbole: When an over exaggerated term or an emphatic (not true) term is used we call it hyperbole.
Ex. Ten thousand saw I at a glance
( This if from the daffodils poem by Wordsworth where the poet saw ten thousand daffodils at one glance. Here the poet wants to convey that he saw plenty of daffodils but he has used ten thousand which is emphatic statement)
Her tears 😭 created an ocean.
7.Synecdoche: When a part is used to represent the whole it is called Synecdoche.
Ex. My stomach cried in hunger. ( here it is the person who is hungry and not the stomach but a part of the body has been used to represent the person in complete.)
He has many mouths to feed.( Many mouths stands for many people)
8.Transferrd Epithet : Epithet refers to adjective. When an adjective is transferred from the noun to the given object. It is called transferred epithet.
Ex. He passed a sleepless night. ( Here the night is not sleepless but it is the person, the adjective has by transferred from the given noun 'he' to the object 'sleplessness')
I saw a boy with an eager eye.
9.Climax: When the ideas are arranged in the assending order of importance ie.increasing importance( lower to higher) then it is called Climax.
Ex. Simple, erect, severe, austere, sublime
If I think that's bad, it gets worse.
Out of the frying pan into the fire.
10.Anticlimax: When the ideas are arranged in the descending order of importance ie. higher to lower then it is called Anticlimax.
Ex. She is a great writer, a mother and a good humorist.
He lost his family, his car and his cellphone.
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